μMAG Standard Problem #3 determines the single domain limit of a cubic magnetic particle — the critical edge length $L$ (in units of exchange length $l_{\mathrm{ex}} = \sqrt{A / K_m}$, where $K_m = \frac{1}{2} \mu_0 M_s^2$) at which the “flower state” and “vortex state” have equal total energy.
The uniaxial anisotropy constant is $K_u = 0.1,K_m$ with the easy axis along $z$. All energies are normalised by $K_m L^3$.
The expected result is $L \approx 8.47,l_{\mathrm{ex}}$.
Submissions#
| Group | Method | $L_{\mathrm{crit}} / l_{\mathrm{ex}}$ | $e / K_m$ | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rave, Hubert, Fabian | Berkov-Ramstock-Hubert 3D extension | 8.47 | 0.3027 | W. Rave, K. Fabian, A. Hubert, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 190, 332-348 (1998) |
| Martins, Ribeiro, Freitas | FDM, cubic grid with extrapolation | 8.4687 (extrapolated) | 0.3026 | |
| Hertel, Kronmüller | FEM (tetmag) | 8.52 (sym. flower) / 8.57 (twisted flower) | 0.3049 / 0.3032 | |
| Bjork, Poulsen, Insinga | MagTense (analytical demag tensor) | 8.477 ± 0.007 (extrapolated) | — | R. Bjork, E. B. Poulsen, A. R. Insinga, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 535, 168057 (2021) |
Convergence of critical size#

Convergence of total energy at transition#

Flower state partial energies#

Vortex state partial energies#

Convergence data: Martins, Ribeiro, Freitas#
| $N$ | $L / l_{\mathrm{ex}}$ | $e / K_m$ | Flower demag | Flower exch. | Flower anis. | Vortex demag | Vortex exch. | Vortex anis. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 8.4073 | 0.2937 | 0.2699 | 0.0180 | 0.0057 | 0.0687 | 0.1736 | 0.0513 |
| 20 | 8.4528 | 0.3001 | 0.2766 | 0.0178 | 0.0057 | 0.0754 | 0.1727 | 0.0519 |
| 30 | 8.4635 | 0.3014 | 0.2780 | 0.0178 | 0.0056 | 0.0769 | 0.1725 | 0.0520 |
| 40 | 8.4654 | 0.3020 | 0.2787 | 0.0177 | 0.0056 | 0.0775 | 0.1724 | 0.0521 |
| 50 | 8.4667 | 0.3023 | 0.2789 | 0.0177 | 0.0056 | 0.0778 | 0.1724 | 0.0521 |
| 70 | 8.4673 | 0.3025 | 0.2792 | 0.0177 | 0.0056 | 0.0780 | 0.1724 | 0.0521 |
Convergence data: Bjork, Poulsen, Insinga#
| $N$ | $L / l_{\mathrm{ex}}$ | $e / K_m$ | Flower demag | Flower exch. | Flower anis. | Vortex demag | Vortex exch. | Vortex anis. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 8.2508 | 0.3063 | 0.2863 | 0.0151 | 0.0049 | 0.0835 | 0.1728 | 0.0500 |
| 6 | 8.3004 | 0.3053 | 0.2843 | 0.0159 | 0.0051 | 0.0802 | 0.1751 | 0.0500 |
| 7 | 8.3496 | 0.3046 | 0.2830 | 0.0163 | 0.0052 | 0.0803 | 0.1733 | 0.0509 |
| 8 | 8.3766 | 0.3041 | 0.2822 | 0.0166 | 0.0053 | 0.0796 | 0.1733 | 0.0512 |
| 9 | 8.3963 | 0.3038 | 0.2816 | 0.0168 | 0.0053 | 0.0794 | 0.1730 | 0.0514 |
| 10 | 8.4101 | 0.3036 | 0.2812 | 0.0170 | 0.0054 | 0.0791 | 0.1729 | 0.0516 |
| 11 | 8.4205 | 0.3034 | 0.2810 | 0.0171 | 0.0054 | 0.0790 | 0.1728 | 0.0517 |
| 12 | 8.4285 | 0.3033 | 0.2808 | 0.0171 | 0.0054 | 0.0788 | 0.1727 | 0.0517 |
| 13 | 8.4347 | 0.3032 | 0.2806 | 0.0172 | 0.0055 | 0.0788 | 0.1727 | 0.0518 |
| 14 | 8.4396 | 0.3032 | 0.2805 | 0.0172 | 0.0055 | 0.0787 | 0.1726 | 0.0518 |
| 15 | 8.4436 | 0.3031 | 0.2804 | 0.0173 | 0.0055 | 0.0786 | 0.1726 | 0.0519 |
| 16 | 8.4469 | 0.3030 | 0.2803 | 0.0173 | 0.0055 | 0.0786 | 0.1726 | 0.0519 |
| 17 | 8.4497 | 0.3030 | 0.2802 | 0.0173 | 0.0055 | 0.0785 | 0.1725 | 0.0519 |
| 18 | 8.4520 | 0.3030 | 0.2801 | 0.0173 | 0.0055 | 0.0785 | 0.1725 | 0.0520 |
| 19 | 8.4539 | 0.3029 | 0.2801 | 0.0174 | 0.0055 | 0.0785 | 0.1725 | 0.0520 |
| 20 | 8.4556 | 0.3029 | 0.2801 | 0.0174 | 0.0055 | 0.0785 | 0.1725 | 0.0520 |